We synthesized the information gained from our analyses to evaluate strategies for overcoming the challenges of using aerial survey data to estimate wildlife abundance, such as digital data collection methods, pooling species records by family, and ordinal modeling using binned data. Our results illustrate how each issue can act to bias inferences, highlighting the importance of considering individual methods for mitigating potential problems separately during survey design and analysis. Using our online quiz, we showed that aerial observers typically undercount group size and that the magnitude of counting errors increases with group size. Through our case study, we demonstrated how these challenges can prove problematic by detailing the extent and magnitude of potential errors. We found that nearly three quarters of the aerial survey methodology literature focused on accounting for nondetection errors, while issues of counting error and misidentification were less commonly addressed. Additionally, we used a double‐observer case study focused on waterbird data collected via aerial surveys and an online group (flock) counting quiz to explore the potential extent of each challenge and possible resolutions. Through an extensive review of the aerial survey literature over the last 50 years, we evaluated how common problems encountered in the data (including nondetection, counting error, and species misidentification) can manifest, the potential difficulties conferred, and the history of how these challenges have been addressed. Despite a long history of aerial survey use in ecological research, problems common to aerial surveys have not yet been adequately resolved. However, these surveys can yield unreliable data if not carefully executed. Aerial surveys are an efficient survey platform, capable of collecting wildlife data across large spatial extents in short timeframes. It is therefore normal that questions and issues are generated around it.īelow we are going to detail some of the questions that people ask the most, and try to answer them.Accurate estimates of animal abundance are essential for guiding effective management, and poor survey data can produce misleading inferences. Logo Quiz answers has become a very popular game, as mentioned above, with many millions of players around the world. If you want to download the game for an Ios phone.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |